The liver is one of the most vital organs in a dog’s body, responsible for detoxifying the blood, producing essential proteins, and aiding digestion. Liver disease can develop slowly over time or occur suddenly, and early detection is key to successful management.
At Atlas Animal Hospital, we help pet owners understand the causes, recognize the symptoms, and provide effective care for dogs with liver disease.
Common Causes of Liver Disease
Liver disease in dogs can result from a variety of factors:
- Infections: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections affecting liver function
- Toxins: Exposure to certain medications, chemicals, or human foods like chocolate or xylitol
- Genetic or Breed Predispositions: Breeds such as Dobermans, Cocker Spaniels, and Labrador Retrievers may be more susceptible
- Chronic Illness: Conditions like diabetes, Cushing’s disease, or pancreatitis can strain the liver
- Cancer: Tumors can impair liver function
- Inflammatory Conditions: Hepatitis or immune-mediated liver inflammation
Understanding the cause helps veterinarians tailor treatment effectively.
Recognizing Symptoms Early
Liver disease symptoms in dogs can be subtle at first. Common signs include:
- Loss of appetite or unexplained weight loss
- Vomiting or diarrhea
- Lethargy or weakness
- Increased thirst and urination
- Jaundice (yellowing of the eyes, gums, or skin)
- Behavioral changes such as confusion or disorientation
- Swollen abdomen due to fluid accumulation
Because these symptoms can mimic other conditions, a veterinary evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis.
Diagnostic Approaches
Your veterinarian may use several tests to assess liver function:
- Blood Tests: Measure liver enzymes, proteins, and bilirubin
- Urinalysis: Evaluates kidney function and overall health
- Ultrasound or X-Rays: Visualizes liver structure and detects masses
- Biopsy: In some cases, a tissue sample confirms the type of liver disease
Early and accurate diagnosis enables timely intervention and better outcomes.
Treatment and Care
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of liver disease:
Medications
- Anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs for immune-related liver issues
- Antibiotics for bacterial infections
- Supportive medications to reduce nausea and improve liver function
Dietary Management
- Prescription diets low in protein and rich in essential nutrients to reduce liver stress
- Avoiding foods and medications that can harm the liver
Monitoring and Follow-Up
- Regular bloodwork and checkups to track disease progression
- Adjustments in medications or diet as needed
- Observation for any changes in appetite, energy, or behavior
Lifestyle Considerations
- Provide a calm environment to reduce stress
- Ensure easy access to water and comfortable resting areas
With consistent care, many dogs with liver disease can live comfortable, active lives.
When to Contact Your Veterinarian
If your dog shows any symptoms such as vomiting, lethargy, jaundice, or appetite loss, contact Atlas Animal Hospitalpromptly. Early intervention is crucial to prevent complications and support liver health.
Call (604) 301-0300 to schedule an evaluation and receive personalized guidance for your dog’s liver care.